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Vital- Amines...

Vitamins, also called as Vital-Amines, are the nutrients that are needed
by a person for major metabolic reactions to take place in the body.
These act as catalysts as well as participants in the chemical reactions
taking place in the body. Thus vitamins play an important role in building
up and maintaining your body and its functions. These act as a power
source for the working of your body.

Sources...

The major source for vitamins is the food that we eat. Each food material
has specific vitamins in specific amounts. Thus to get all the required
vitamins we need to have a changed diet everyday. Apart from this,
we can also get vitamins in the form of supplementary doses available in the form of vitamin pills. These pills are available according to our requirements, containing measured amounts of vitamin doses. These vitamin supplements are classified as health supplements, food supplements and dietary supplements.

Types...

Vitamins are classified into two basic types as water soluble and fat soluble. Water-soluble vitamins are the ones which can dissolve in water and fat-soluble vitamins are the ones that can be absorbed by the lipids in the intestinal tract.

There are nine water soluble vitamins such as vitamin C and eight vitamins of class B. The other four fat soluble vitamins are vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E and vitamin K.

Below is a list of vitamins with their chemical names, solubility and deficiency diseases.

Vitamin A
Ch. name -Retinol
Solubility -Fat
Deficiency - Night blindness, Keratomalacia

Vitamin B1
Ch. name -Thiamine
Solubility -Water
Deficiency -Beriberi

Vitamin B2 (G)
Ch. name - Riboflavin
Solubility -Water
Deficiency -Ariboflavinosis

Vitamin B3 (PP)
Ch. name -Niacin
Solubility -Water
Deficiency -Pellagra

Vitamin B5
Ch. name -Pantothenic acid
Solubility -Water
Deficiency -Paresthesia

Vitamin B6
Ch. name -Pyridoxine
Solubility -Water
Deficiency -n/a

Vitamin B7 (H)
Ch. name -Biotin
Solubility -Water
Deficiency -n/a

Vitamin B9 (M)
Ch. name -Folic acid
Solubility -Water
Deficiency -[6]

Vitamin B12
Ch. name -Cyanocobalamin
Solubility -Water
Deficiency -Megaloblastic anaemia

Vitamin C[7]
Ch. name -Ascorbic acid
Solubility -Water
Deficiency -Scurvy

Vitamin D1–D4
Ch. name -lumisterol, Ergocalciferol, Calciferol, Dihydrotachysterol, 7-Dehydrocholesterol
Solubility -Fat
Deficiency -Rickets

Vitamin E
Ch. name -Tocopherol
Solubility -Fat
Deficiency -n/a

Vitamin K
Ch. name -Naphthoquinone (not to be confused with Ketamine)
Solubility -Fat
Deficiency -Bleeding diathesis

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